Chapter 1. Welcome to the Field of Exercise Physiology

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	The body’s internal state of physiological balance, which is disrupted by the stress of exercise, is which of the following?
A.	Osmosis	
B.	Homeostasis	
C.	Chemostasis	
D.	Autogenesis	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	2.	The field of study devoted to examining the body’s response to any type of physical activity is which of the following?
A.	Biomechanics	
B.	Physical education	
C.	Exercise physiology	
D.	Kinesiology	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	3.	Which of the following includes the two key areas of specialization within the field of exercise physiology?
A.	Fitness and wellness	
B.	Strength and conditioning	
C.	Conditioning and rehabilitation	
D.	Fitness and rehabilitation	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	4.	The first gymnasium was built in ancient Greece at time of the first Olympic Games, which occurred in what year?
A.	772 BC	
B.	774 BC	
C.	776 BC	
D.	778 BC	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	5.	The ancient Olympic Games were held for how many centuries before being banned?
A.	10 centuries	
B.	12 centuries	
C.	14 centuries	
D.	16 centuries	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	6.	The ancient Olympic Games were banned by which emperor?
A.	Augustus	
B.	Diocletian	
C.	Constantine	
D.	Theodosius	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	7.	The study of the proportions of the human body is known as which of the following?
A.	Goniometry	
B.	Anthropometry	
C.	Biometrics	
D.	Biofeedback	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	8.	Who published the first American textbook on anthropometry, entitled Anthropometry and Physical Examination, in 1896?
A.	Edward Hitchcock	
B.	Edward Hitchcock, Jr	
C.	Jay Seaver	
D.	Archibald Vivian	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	9.	Which of the following, which is related to the energy demands of exercising muscle, was the focus of early exercise physiology researchers of the 20th century?
A.	Cellular metabolism	
B.	Cellular respiration	
C.	Respiratory drive	
D.	Cross bridging	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	10.	The revival of the modern Olympic Games and the formation of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) occurred in what year?
A.	1890	
B.	1892	
C.	1894	
D.	1896	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	11.	The Harvard Fatigue Laboratory (HFL), which attracted many great exercise scientists of the 20th century, was founded by whom?
A.	Archibald Vivian Hill	
B.	Lawrence J. Henderson	
C.	David Bruce Dill	
D.	Hans Krebs	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	12.	Who believed early on that weariness and stress could be cured with exercise?
A.	Archibald Vivian	
B.	Archibald MacLaren	
C.	Per Henrik Ling	
D.	John Collins Warren	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	13.	The Karvonen formula is an often used method for predicting which of the following in exercise training?
A.	Blood pressure	
B.	Heart rate	
C.	Respiratory rate	
D.	Lactate production	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	14.	Who served as the first female president of the American College of Sports Medicine in 1988?
A.	Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen	
B.	Barbara Drinkwater	
C.	Karen Piehl	
D.	Birgitta Essén	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	15.	Which is NOT a goal of Healthy People 2020?
A.	Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.	
B.	Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of the elderly population.	
C.	Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.	
D.	Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

COMPLETION

	1.	Galen wrote, “…those movements which do not alter ____________________ are not called exercise.”

ANS:	respiration

PTS:	1

	2.	In 1543, the foundations of what would become modern anatomy and physiology were introduced by Belgian physician ____________________ (1514–1564) with the publication of De Humani Corporis Fabrica.

ANS:	Andreas Vesalius

PTS:	1

	3.	In the mid-1600s, the invention of the ____________________ expanded the opportunities for researchers to begin observing anatomical structures on a cellular level.

ANS:	microscope

PTS:	1

	4.	In 1922, Archibald Vivian (A. V.) Hill, a professor of physiology at the prestigious University College in London, won the Nobel Prize for his findings on ____________________.

ANS:	energy metabolism

PTS:	1

	5.	In the 1960s, exercise physiologists used methods developed in the United States ____________________ to measure and analyze respiratory gases and to monitor heart rate and body temperature.

ANS:	space program

PTS:	1

	6.	Modern ____________________ programs refer to courses taken within primary and secondary school curricula that encourage psychomotor learning in a play or movement-exploration setting.

ANS:	physical education

PTS:	1

	7.	After the ____________________, physical education was introduced into the curricula of many public schools and colleges.

ANS:	Civil War

PTS:	1

	8.	Research suggests that physical activity and physical education ____________________ impact student attendance, participation, and enthusiasm for academic subjects and motivation to learn.

ANS:	positively

PTS:	1

	9.	The ____________________ Revolution of the 1950s in the United States was one of the most influential occurrences in the health and lifestyles of the American population.

ANS:	Industrial

PTS:	1

	10.	For three decades, ____________________ has allowed the government to establish benchmarks and monitor progress over time to encourage collaborations across sectors, guide individuals toward making informed health decisions, and measure the impact of prevention activities.

ANS:	Healthy People

PTS:	1